Validation of the Short Form of the Mood Instability Questionnaire-Trait (MIQ-T-SF) in the Korean General Population

Yoon, Joohyun; Yu, Hyeona; Jang, Yoonjeong; Lee, Daseul; Park, Yun Seong; Ihm, Hong Kyu; Ryoo, Hyun A; Cho, Nayoung; Lee, Jakyung; Kim, Yeoju; Park, Jungkyu; Kang, Hyo Shin; Ha, Tae Hyon; Myung, Woojae

doi:2023.20.5.408

Psychiatry Investig > Volume 20(5); 2023 > Article

Original Article

Psychiatry Investigation 2023;20(5):408-417.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30773/pi.2022.0275 Published online May 25, 2023.

Validation of the Short Form of the Mood Instability Questionnaire-Trait (MIQ-T-SF) in the Korean General Population

Joohyun Yoon¹

, Hyeona Yu¹

, Yoonjeong Jang¹

, Daseul Lee¹

, Yun Seong Park¹

, Hong Kyu Ihm¹

, Hyun A Ryoo¹

, Nayoung Cho¹

, Jakyung Lee¹

, Yeoju Kim¹

, Jungkyu Park²

, Hyo Shin Kang²

, Tae Hyon Ha^1,3

, Woojae Myung^1,3

^¹Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
^²Department of Psychology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
^³Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Correspondence: Tae Hyon Ha ,Tel: +82-31-787-7434, Fax: +82-31-787-4058, Email: hatti@snu.ac.kr
Correspondence: Woojae Myung ,Tel: +82-31-787-7430, Fax: +82-31-787-4058, Email: wmyung@snu.ac.kr

Received: September 20, 2022 Revised: December 25, 2022 Accepted: January 30, 2023 Published online: May 25, 2023
*Joohyun Yoon and Hyeona Yu contributed equally to this study as co-first authors.

Abstract

Objective
Mood instability (MI) is a clinically significant trait associated with psychiatric disorders. However, there are no concise measurements to evaluate MI. The initial Mood Instability Questionnaire-Trait (MIQ-T) was developed to fill this gap. The current study aimed to create a short form of MIQ-T (MIQ-T-SF) that measures MI with high validity and reliability in the Korean general population.
Methods
Of the 59 items in the MIQ-T, 17 items were chosen for the MIQ-T-SF following the factor analysis process. In total, 540 participants completed the MIQ-T-SF. Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega were used to evaluate reliability. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to determine construct validity. Concurrent validity was confirmed via comparisons with Personality Assessment Inventory-Borderline Features Scale. Measurement invariance across gender and age groups was confirmed before analyzing differences in scores using Kruskal-Wallis test.
Results
The MIQ-T-SF displayed expected correlations and high internal consistency (α=0.71–0.90, Ωt=0.72–0.92). Using EFA and CFA, a five-factor structure was confirmed. Measurement invariance was supported, and gender differences were observed.
Conclusion
The MIQ-T-SF is an accurate and reliable method to detect MI in the Korean general population. The study’s results offer new perspectives for future studies on MI.

Key words Emotional distress; Questionnaire design; Validation study; Factor analysis