Dr. Toyoda has received speaker’s honoraria from Eisai. Dr. Yamauchi has received speaker’s honoraria from Meiji Seika Pharma, Otsuka. Dr. Kinoshita has received speaker’s honoraria from Meiji Seika Pharma, Otsuka, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma, EA Pharma and Eisai. Dr. Inada has received speaker’s honoraria from Eisai, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Meiji Seika Pharma, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Mochida, MSD, Novartis, Otsuka, Shionogi, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma, and Yoshitomiyakuhin, and research grants from Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, MSD, and National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry. Dr. Kanazawa has received speaker’s honoraria from Janssen, Meiji Seika Pharma, Otsuka, Shionogi, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma, and Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, research grants from Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, and Health and Labor Sciences Research Grant (20GC1017 Head: Takefumi Ueno). The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Author Contributions
Conceptualization: Katsunori Toyoda, Takeo Hata, Ken Inada, Tetsufumi Kanazawa. Data curation: Katsunori Toyoda, Takeo Hata. Formal analysis:Katsunori Toyoda, Takeo Hata, Tetsufumi Kanazawa. Funding acquisition: Tetsufumi Kanazawa. Investigation: Katsunori Toyoda, Takeo Hata, Tetsufumi Kanazawa. Methodology: Katsunori Toyoda, Takeo Hata. Project administration: Tetsufumi Kanazawa. Resources: Tetsufumi Kanazawa. Software: Takeo Hata. Supervision: Tetsufumi Kanazawa. Validation: Katsunori Toyoda, Takeo Hata, Tetsufumi Kanazawa. Visualization: Takeo Hata. Writing— original draft: Katsunori Toyoda. Writing—review & editing: all authors.
Background (N=8,263) | |
---|---|
Sex, N (%) | |
Female | 3,793 (45.9) |
Male | 4,470 (54.1) |
Age, median (range), year* | 40 (10–87) |
Age group, N (%)* | |
≤20 | 266 (3.2) |
21–30 | 1,457 (17.6) |
31–40 | 2,458 (29.7) |
41–50 | 2,273 (27.5) |
51–60 | 1,246 (15.1) |
61–70 | 494 (6.0) |
≥71 | 69 (0.8) |
Reason patient introduced clozapine use, N (%) | |
Intolerance to previously used antipsychotics† | 537 (6.5) |
Aripiprazole‡ | 212 (2.6) |
Blonanserin‡ | 140 (1.7) |
Olanzapine‡ | 240 (2.9) |
Paliperidone‡ | 83 (1.0) |
Perospirone‡ | 40 (0.5) |
Quetiapine‡ | 91 (1.1) |
Risperidone‡ | 257 (3.1) |
Other SGA‡ | 45 (0.5) |
Poor response to previously used antipsychotics† | 7,659 (92.7) |
Aripiprazole‡ | 2,063 (25.0) |
Blonanserin‡ | 1,357 (16.4) |
Olanzapine‡ | 4,650 (56.3) |
Paliperidone‡ | 1,220 (14.8) |
Perospirone‡ | 257 (3.1) |
Quetiapine‡ | 1,526 (18.5) |
Risperidone‡ | 3,804 (46.0) |
Other SGA‡ | 304 (3.7) |
FGA‡ | 766 (9.3) |
Previously treated with clozapine, N (%) | |
Non-treated | 7,828 (94.7) |
Treated | 435 (5.3) |
Leukocyte, median (range), /mm3 | 6,000 (4,000–20,500) |
Neutrophil, median (range), /mm3 | 3,397 (2,000–16,572) |
Hemoglobin A1c, median (range), % | 5.3 (3.2–11.8) |