1. Fong TG, Tulebaev SR, Inouye SK. Delirium in elderly adults: diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Nat Rev Neurol 2009;5:210-220. PMID:
19347026.
2. Inouye SK. Delirium in hospitalized older patients. Clin Geriatr Med 1998;14:745-764. PMID:
9799477.
3. Bitsch MS, Foss N, Kristensen B, Kehlet H. Pathogenesis of and management strategies for postoperative delirium after hip fracture: a review. Acta Orthop Scand 2004;75:378-389. PMID:
15370579.
4. Siddiqi N, House AO, Holmes JD. Occurrence and outcome of delirium in medical in-patients: a systematic literature review. Age Ageing 2006;35:350-364. PMID:
16648149.
5. Meagher DJ, Trzepacz PT. Delirium phenomenology illuminates pathophysiology, management, and course. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1998;11:150-156. PMID:
9894734.
6. Gupta N, de Jonghe J, Schieveld J, Leonard M, Meagher D. Delirium phenomenology: what can we learn from the symptoms of delirium? J Psychosom Res 2008;65:215-222. PMID:
18707943.
7. de Jonghe JF, Kalisvaart KJ, Dijkstra M, van Dis H, Vreeswijk R, Kat MG, et al. Early symptoms in the prodromal phase of delirium: a prospective cohort study in elderly patients undergoing hip surgery. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2007;15:112-121. PMID:
17272731.
8. Cole M, McCusker J, Dendukuri N, Han L. The prognostic significance of subsyndromal delirium in elderly medical inpatients. J Am Geriatr Soc 2003;51:754-760. PMID:
12757560.
9. Meagher D, Trzepacz PT. Phenomenological distinctions needed in DSM-V: delirium, subsyndromal delirium, and dementias. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2007;19:468-470. PMID:
18070853.
10. American Psychiatric Association. Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with delirium. Am J Psychiatry 1999;156(5 Suppl):1-20.
11. Beloosesky Y, Grinblat J, Pirotsky A, Weiss A, Hendel D. Different C-reactive protein kinetics in post-operative hip-fractured geriatric patients with and without complications. Gerontology 2004;50:216-222. PMID:
15258426.
12. Tilvis RS, Kahonen-Vare MH, Jolkkonen J, Valvanne J, Pitkala KH, Strandberg TE. Predictors of cognitive decline and mortality of aged people over a 10-year period. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2004;59:268-274. PMID:
15031312.
13. Yaffe K, Kanaya A, Lindquist K, Simonsick EM, Harris T, Shorr RI, et al. The metabolic syndrome, inflammation, and risk of cognitive decline. JAMA 2004;292:2237-2242. PMID:
15536110.
14. Liukkonen T, Silvennoinen-Kassinen S, Jokelainen J, Räsänen P, Leinonen M, Meyer-Rochow VB, et al. The association between C-reactive protein levels and depression: Results from the northern Finland 1966 birth cohort study. Biol Psychiatry 2006;60:825-830. PMID:
16616729.
15. Graham JE, Robles TF, Kiecolt-Glaser JK, Malarkey WB, Bissell MG, Glaser R. Hostility and pain are related to inflammation in older adults. Brain Behav Immun 2006;20:389-400. PMID:
16376518.
16. Hattori H, Kamiya J, Shimada H, Akiyama H, Yasui A, Kuroiwa K, et al. Assessment of the risk of postoperative delirium in elderly patients using E-PASS and the NEECHAM Confusion Scale. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2009;24:1304-1310. PMID:
19319925.
17. Matsushita T, Matsushima E, Maruyama M. Early detection of postoperative delirium and confusion in a surgical ward using the NEECHAM confusion scale. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2004;26:158-163. PMID:
15038935.
18. Lim KO, Kim SY, Lee YH, Lee SW, Kim JL. A validation study for the Korean version of Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 (K-DRS-98). J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc 2006;45:518-526.
19. Knaus WA, Wagner DP, Draper EA, Zimmerman JE, Bergner M, Bastos PG, et al. The APACHE III prognostic system. Risk prediction of hospital mortality for critically ill hospitalized adults. Chest 1991;100:1619-1636. PMID:
1959406.
20. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 1975;12:189-198. PMID:
1202204.
21. Bruce AJ, Ritchie CW, Blizard R, Lai R, Raven P. The incidence of delirium associated with orthopedic surgery: a meta-analytic review. Int Psychogeriatr 2007;19:197-214. PMID:
16973101.
22. Franco JG, Valencia C, Bernal C, Ocampo MV, Trzepacz PT, Pablo J, et al. Relationship between cognitive status at admission and incident delirium in older medical inpatients. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2010;22:329-337. PMID:
20686140.
23. Lemstra AW, Kalisvaart KJ, Vreeswijk R, van Gool WA, Eikelenboom P. Pre-operative inflammatory markers and the risk of postoperative delirium in elderly patients. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2008;23:943-948. PMID:
18481319.
24. Santana Santos F, Wahlund LO, Varli F, Tadeu Velasco I, Eriksdotter Jonhagen M. Incidence, clinical features and subtypes of delirium in elderly patients treated for hip fractures. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2005;20:231-237. PMID:
16088139.
25. Duppils GS, Wikblad K. Delirium: behavioural changes before and during the prodromal phase. J Clin Nurs 2004;13:609-616. PMID:
15189414.
26. Beloosesky Y, Hendel D, Weiss A, Hershkovitz A, Grinblat J, Pirotsky A, et al. Cytokines and C-reactive protein production in hip-fracture-operated elderly patients. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2007;62:420-426. PMID:
17452737.
27. Macdonald A, Adamis D, Treloar A, Martin F. C-reactive protein levels predict the incidence of delirium and recovery from it. Age Ageing 2007;36:222-225. PMID:
17114198.
28. Gurlit S, Möllmann M. How to prevent perioperative delirium in the elderly? Z Gerontol Geriatr 2008;41:447-452. PMID:
19190867.